Issue No.429- The blood seen by a girl before completion of nine years, or by a woman after she has reached menopause is not classified as ḥayḍ, and in case the blood does not come from a sore or a wound, it should be treated as istiḥāḍah, the rules of which were explained before.
Issue No.430- It is possible for a pregnant woman or a breast-feeding mother to become ḥā’iḍ.
Issue No.431- If a girl who does not know whether she has completed nine years of age or not, sees blood which does not bear the signs of ḥayḍ, it is not considered as ḥayḍ, and in case it has the signs and she becomes sure that it is ḥayḍ, this is an indication of completion of nine years and maturity [1] . However, if a woman who doubts whether or not she has reached menopause, sees blood which she cannot decide whether or not it is the blood of ḥayḍ, she should consider it as ḥayḍ and assume that she has not yet reached menopause.
Issue No.432- The period of ḥayḍ is no less than 3 days and no more than 10 days and if the blood discharged is less than 3 days even by a little, it will not be considered as ḥayḍ.
Issue No.437- If a woman checks her bleeding problem with a doctor and the doctor diagnoses her blood as ḥayḍ or wound blood, etc., in the case of her becoming certain about what the doctor says, she should act accordingly.
Issue No.438-Haram acts for a ḥā’iḍ woman are as follows:1- All acts of worship for which wuḍū or ghusl or tayammum is required, such as prayer, fasting and ṭawāf of the holy Ka‘bah. However, performing acts of worship for which ṭahārah is not required, e.g., offering prayer over the deceased, is allowed.2- All those acts which are forbidden for a junub individual (see Issue No.370).3- Having sexual intercourse; it is haram for both the man and woman.4- Divorce in such a state is void and ineffective.
Issue No.444- If a man commits fornication with a ḥā’iḍ woman or has sexual intercourse with a ḥā’iḍ woman under the impression that she is his own wife, he should offer kaffāra as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.447- If a woman becomes ḥā’iḍ while she is performing prayer, her prayer becomes void and she should discontinue it. However, if she doubts whether or not she has become ḥā’iḍ, her prayer remains correct.
Issue No.448- After a woman becomes ṭāhir of the blood of menses, it is obligatory for her to perform ghusl for the prayers and other acts of worship. If however, she has no access to water, she should perform tayammum. The rules for this ghusl are the same as that of the ghusl of janābah. The ghusl will count as wuḍū too, although the recommended precaution is to perform wuḍū also (before or after performing ghusl).
Issue No.449-After a woman becomes ṭāhir, the divorce will be valid and her husband may also have sexual intercourse with her even though she may not have done ghusl yet but, the recommended precaution is to avoid having sexual intercourse with her before performing ghusl. However, other acts which were haram for her at the time of ḥayḍ like staying in a mosque and touching the script of the Holy Qur'an do not become permissible for her until she performs ghusl, as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.460- If a woman with a regular period sees blood one or two days earlier or later than her normal period, such that it is said that her period has been moved around, although that blood does not have the signs of menses, she should act according to the rulings for ḥā’iḍ (menstruating) women.
Issue No.461- If, in the case of a woman with a regular period, the bleeding exceeds the period for several days or starts some days earlier (as is common among women), if the total number of days does not exceed ten, all of it should be considered as menstruation. However, if it exceeds ten days, then only the blood that has been discharged during the days of the regular menstrual period is counted as ḥayḍ, and the blood which has discharged before and after her period is istiḥāḍah. Similarly, if the bleeding commences several days earlier than the regular time of her menstrual period and continues until the end of the period, or in the case of the bleeding exceeding the menstrual period for some days, if it does not exceed ten days, all of the bleeding should be considered as ḥayḍ. However, if the bleeding exceeds ten days, then only the days of the period are considered as ḥayḍ.
