Issue No. 1471- If a person observes a recommended fast, it is not obligatory on him to complete it, and he can terminate it at any time he wishes. In fact, if one of his brethren -in-faith invites him to a meal it is mustaḥab that he accepts the invitation and terminates the fast during the day.
Issue No. 1473- It is recommended that a person terminates his fast after offering maghrib and ‘ishā’ prayers. However, if he feels so hungry that he cannot offer the prayers with “presence of the heart” or if someone else is waiting for him, it is better that he terminates his fast first and offers the prayers afterwards. However, as much as possible, he should try to offer the prayers during their meritorious times [1].
Issue No. 1474- Khums is obligatory on seven things:1- Profit or income gained. 2- Minerals.3- Treasure4- Halal wealth mixed with haram.5- Gems obtained from the sea by diving.6- Spoils of war.7- A land which a dhimmī unbeliever (a non-Muslim living under the protection of Islamic Government) purchases from a Muslim (as an obligatory precaution).
Issue No. 1475- If a person earns by means of farming, trade, industry or working for an institute and if his income exceeds the annual expenses for maintaining himself, his family and all the ones that he is responsible for their maintenance, he should pay khums (i.e., one fifth) out of the surplus, in accordance with the rules which will be mentioned later.
Issue No. 1476- There is no difference between businesses and incomes. However, if a person borrows something (e.g., money) from another person, there is no khums due on it. Similarly, there is no khums on the property that one receives as inheritance, unless it is known that the dead person did not pay its due khums, or he owes khums for other properties and estates. In the case of the value of the inheritance increasing, khums should be paid on the surplus if the khums year has reached it.
Issue No. 1477- If one receives something as a gift and that property exceeds his own annual expenses, he should, as an obligatory precaution, pay its khums. Similarly, if a person inherits from a person who is a distant relative and he did not know about this kinship nor did he expect such an inheritance, the obligatory precaution here is that he should pay khums on the inherited property.
Issue No. 1477- If one receives something as a gift and that property exceeds his own annual expenses, he should, as an obligatory precaution, pay its khums. Similarly, if a person inherits from a person who is a distant relative and he did not know about this kinship nor did he expect such an inheritance, the obligatory precaution here is that he should pay khums on the inherited property.
Issue No. 1478- If a person endows some property to some particular persons, like his children, and if that property generates an income which exceeds their annual expenses, they should pay its khums.
Issue No. 1480- If a person purchases a commodity with money that is entitled to khums, the transaction will be invalid with respect to the amount of khums due, unless a Mujtahid or his representative gives permission for it. In this case, he should give one fifth of the purchased commodity to the Mujtahid or his representative.
Issue No. 1481- If a person purchases a commodity on credit, and after the transaction, pays its price from the money whose due khums has not been paid, the transaction will be in order and he is permitted to use it. However, since he has given the seller from the money on which khums is due, he will remain indebted to him for the amount of one fifth of that money. In case that amount is in the hand of the seller, the Mujtahid or his representative will get the same money, and if the same money is not available any more, the Mujtahid will demand its equivalent from either the seller or the buyer.
Issue No. 1483- If a person gives to another person something on which due khums has not been paid, the amount of the khums (in that thing) does not become his property.
Issue No. 1484- If a person receives a property from an unbeliever, or a person who does not believe in paying khums, it will not be obligatory for him to pay its khums. However, if that person believes in khums yet he has not paid khums from it, it will be obligatory on him to pay its khums.
