Issue No. 1316- Fasting is one of the acts of worship; therefore, it is necessary to make an intention for fasting. When making an intention to fast, it is not necessary for a person to pass the intention for fasting through his mind or say it verbally. Rather, it is sufficient to determine that he will not perform any fast invalidators, from the time of fajr adhān up to maghrib, obeying the commands of Allah (swt). null
Issue No. 1335- There are nine things which invalidate fast, on the basis of obligatory precaution:(1) Eating and drinking.(2) Sexual intercourse.(3) Masturbation (istimnā’).(4) Ascribing false things to Almighty Allah, or his Prophet or to infallible Imams (as).(5) Causingthick dust to reach one's throat.(6) Immersing one’s head completely in water. (7) Remaining in the janābah, ḥayḍ or nifās state till the fajr adhān.(8) Enema with liquids.(9) Vomiting intentionally.Rules concerning these acts shall come in the following issues.
Issue No. 1440- A traveller should not fast as per the conditions and rulings that were explained in the section relating to the prayer of a traveller. Generally, one should not observe fast wherever the prayer should performed as qaṣr, and wherever a traveller offers full prayers (like a person whose profession is travelling or who has intended to stay in a place for ten days), he should observe fast.
Issue No. 1456- The first day of a month is established in the following five ways:1- Sighting the moon with a naked eye: It is not sufficient to sight the moon with telescopes and other similar means.2- When some persons, though unjust, confirm to have sighted the moon in a way that one becomes assured, or anything else that leads to certainty. 3- When two just persons testify that they have sighted the moon. However, if their des c r i p tions differ about the new moon, or there are indications suggesting that they are wrong, then the first day of the month will not be established by their statements.4- When thirty days pass from the first of Sha’ban, the first day of the month of Ramadan will be established. Similarly, when thirty days pass from the 1st of Ramadan, the 1st of Shawwal will be established (obviously, this is true only if the first of the previous month was proved by the same method).5- When a Mujtahid (jurist) annonces the first day of a month. That is if the first of a month is proved to a just Mujtahid, and, he issues a statement announcing the first of the month, then, it is necessary for everyone to follow him, except for a person who is sure of his mistake.
Issue No. 1462- There are two days in the year on which it is haram to observe fast: Eid al-Fitr (the 1st of Shawwal) and Eid al-Adha (10th of Dhu al-Hijjah).
Issue No. 1470- Fasting is recommended on all days of the year except those days on which, as stated above, fasting is haram or makrūh. However, fasting is highly recommended on certain days, namely the following:1- The first and the last Thursdays of every month and the first Wednesday after the 10thof every month. It is even recommended to perform qaḍā if a person fails to observe fast on these days.2- 13th, 14th and 15th day of every month.3- All the days of the months of Rajab and Sha’ban; and in case one is not able to fast the whole two months he can fast for a few days, though it may be one day.4- 24th of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah and 29thof the month of Dhu al-Qi'dah.5- From the 1st to the 9th day of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah. However, if due to weakness one could not recite the supplications of the day of ‘Arafah , it is makrūh to observe fast on that day.6- he auspicious day of Ghadir (18th Dhu al-Hijjah)7- The 1st, 3rdand 7thday of Muharram.8- The birthday of the Holy Prophet(pbuh) (17th Rabi' al-awwal).9- The day of the commencement of the prophetic mission of the holy Prophet (ṣ) (27thof Rajab).10- Nowruz [1] day (21 March)
Issue No. 1345- Sexual intercourse invalidates the fast of both man and woman, even if only the male organ penetrates up to the point of circumcision and no semen is discharged. However, if the penetration is less than the point of circumcision without the discharging of semen or one doubts whether the male organ has entered up to the point of circumcision or not, his fast is valid.
Issue No. 1354- If a person, who is fasting, intentionally ascribes false information to Allah and the Prophet (pbuh) and his infallible vicegerents (as), verbally or in writing or by making a sign, his fast becomes void, as an obligatory precaution, even if he may repent for it right away. The same ruling also applies to imputing lies to all the other prophets and to Lady Fatima (as).
Issue No. 1347- If one who is fasting commits an act to oneself that causes the discharging of semen, his fast is void; if semen is discharged involuntarily however, while sleeping or awake, his fast does not become void.null
Issue No. 1360- Allowing thick dust to reach one’s throat, if it is changed in to mud and goes down the throat, makes the fast void, irrespective of whether the dust is of something which is halal to eat, like flour, or of something which is haram to consume. As to inhalers for those suffering from asthma, since the medicine they give off is usually a light and thin gas, it will not render the fast void.
Issue No. 1365- A person who is fasting should not, as an obligatory precaution, immerse his entire head intentionally in water, even if the rest of the body remains out of water. But if the entire body and a part of the head are in water and the other part of the head remains out of water, it does not invalidate the fast. The same ruling applies to immersing the head in other liquids such as rose water and other mixed waters.
Issue No. 1426- If a person is in doubt whether it is maghrib or not, he cannot terminate his fast, although if one was to do so, he should offer both qaḍā as well as kaffāra. However, if he doubts whether it is fajr or not, he can perform the acts which invalidate fast, it is also not obligatory on him to investigate.
