Issue No.197- If a najis sandy or gravelled ground is rinsed with less than kurr water and it absorbs the ghusālah, i.e., the remaining water, it will become ṭāhir, but the sands under the surface will be najis. Likewise, if the ground is steep and water flows down, it becomes ṭāhir, but if the ghusālah remains on it, the ground is najis unless the ghusālah is collected.
Issue No.199- If sugar or a sugar cube becomes najis, it cannot be made ṭāhir with water.
Issue No.200- If the sole of one’s foot or shoe has become najis due to walking on najis earth, it will become ṭāhir by walking on earth or rubbing it against the ground after the original najāsah is removed, provided that the ground is ṭāhir and dry and consists of soil, stone or is paved with brick, cement or other similar things, but carpets, mats or grass will not suffice.
Issue No.204- The part of the foot or shoe surrounding the sole which becomes najis due to walking on najis ground will also become ṭāhir when it reaches the ground. However, the hand or the knee of the one who walks on his hands and knees and also an artificial leg, the bottom of a stick, horseshoe, wheels of a car, etc., will not become ṭāhir through touching the ground as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.202- In order to make the sole of one’s foot or shoe ṭāhir, it is sufficient to walk a little or rub it on earth. However, it is better to walk at least 15 cubits (about 7.5 meters).
Issue No.207- The sun makes the earth and the roof ṭāhir. However, this ruling does not apply to buildings, doors, windows, etc., as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.209- The sun does not make a najis mat, tree or plant ṭāhir as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.213- Charcoal made from najis wood is najis and pottery or brick made of najis clay are also najis.
Issue No.214- If one doubts whether a najis object has transformed or not, it remains najis.
Issue No.216- If liquor which has been prepared from najis grapes, or an external najāsah has reached, turns into vinegar, it will not become ṭāhir and it is obligatory to avoid it. Similarly, the vinegar which is prepared from najis grapes, raisins and dates is najis.
Issue No.217- If grapes are used in preparing vinegar along with their stems, and their juice usually turns into liquor before turning into vinegar, the stems will be ṭāhir after it turns to vinegar. However, if cucumber or eggplant and similar things are added to it, it is necessary to avoid it as an obligatory precaution.
Issue No.225- If blood comes out of a mosquito and one is not sure whether it is the blood that it has just sucked from him or it is the mosquito’s own blood, it will be ṭāhir.
