Issue No.1111- If one doubts whether or not he has forgotten a sajdah or tashahhud, it is not obligatory to perform its qaḍā, but if he knows that he has forgotten one of them but he does not know which one, he should offer qaḍā for both of them and there is no problem in offering either of them first.
Issue No.1112- If a person has to offer qaḍā of a sajdah or a tashahhud as well as the sajdah al-sahw, he should after prayer offer the qaḍā of sajdah or tashahhud first, and then perform the sajdah al-sahw.
Issue No.1113- If one doubts whether or not he has offered the qaḍā of the forgotten sajdah or tashahhud that was an obligation upon him after prayer, he should perform the qaḍā of the sajdah or tashahhud if the prayer time has not lapsed, and if the time has lapsed, he should, as an obligatory precaution, offer its qaḍā and his prayer will be correct.
Issue No.1114-In order to perform the qaḍā of the forgotten sajdah or tashahhud, One should make the intention after the prayer and then he should perform the qaḍā of sajdah or tashahhud without saying “Allahu Akbar” or anything else. Thereafter, he should, as an obligatory precaution, perform sajdah al-sahw.
Issue No.1117- If a person realises before the salām of prayer that he has not offered one rak‘at or more of the final rak‘ats of prayer, he should perform the rak‘at which had been forgotten, and his prayer is correct. However, if he realises this after the salām of prayer, and he has done an act which doing it intentionally or inadvertently invalidates the prayer (e.g. turning one's back towards the qiblah), the prayer will be void. In case however, he has not performed such an act, he should immediately perform the forgotten rak‘ats and the prayer will be valid, and he should, as an obligatory precaution, perform sajdah al-sahw for the undue salām.
Issue No.1117- If a person realises before the salām of prayer that he has not offered one rak‘at or more of the final rak‘ats of prayer, he should perform the rak‘at which had been forgotten, and his prayer is correct. However, if he realises this after the salām of prayer, and he has done an act which doing it intentionally or inadvertently invalidates the prayer (e.g. turning one's back towards the qiblah), the prayer will be void. In case however, he has not performed such an act, he should immediately perform the forgotten rak‘ats and the prayer will be valid, and he should, as an obligatory precaution, perform sajdah al-sahw for the undue salām.
Issue No.1118- If a person realises that he has offered the prayer before the prescribed time or he has performed it having his back towards the qiblah, he should repeat the prayer, or perform its qaḍā in case the time has lapsed. However, if he has offered prayer towards the right or left of the qiblah inadvertently, the prayer will not be void.
Issue No.1129- A person who intends to travel eight farsakhs, should perform shortened prayer even if he covers a little distance every day, but it should be to the extent that he could be called a traveller.
Issue No.1132- If a person commences his journey to a place, which is at a distance of eight farsakhs or more, and before reaching eight farsakhs, he hesitates whether to proceed further and stops then later decides to cover the remaining journey, he should offer qaṣr prayer. In case however, he is in the state of hesitation and continues to travel until he decides to continue the journey intended, if the remaining distance and the distance that he had covered earlier with the intention [of travelling more than eight farsakhs] sum up to eight farsakhs or more, he should offer qaṣr prayer.
Issue No.1150- If a person whose profession is driving in the city happens to travel outside the city on a journey consisting of eight farsakhs or more, he should offer qaṣr prayer. However, a person whose profession is driving both inside and outside the city should offer complete prayer when he is outside the city.
Issue No.1154- If a person has abandoned his hometown and wants to adopt another hometown, he should shorten his prayer while he is travelling, unless his travel becomes long and he is considered as a roamer.
Issue No.1155- The limit of tarakhuṣ means the point where one can no longer hear the adhān of the town and the people of the town do not see him. However, seeing or not seeing the walls of the city is not necessary, but there should not be dust nor fog or the like which prevent seeing, nor noise which prevents hearing. If either of these two signs are present, it will suffice, provided that one is not sure that the other one does not exist, otherwise one should, as an obligatory precaution, offer both complete as well as qaṣr prayer.
